Dr John Campbell

Dr. John Campbell
Here are a collection of the references that Dr. Campbell has used in his videos

Infection generates natural immunity
Infection generates natural immunity

Dr. John Campbell Discusses all the following evidence below in his video youtube. com/watch?v=L_CvfiJ3QRQ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L_CvfiJ3QRQ

Which seems good and long lasting and cheap, DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00676-9 thelancet. com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(21)00676-9/fulltext https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(21)00676-9/fulltext

Biological studies Dan et al (2021) Science, Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 months after infection. DOI: 10.1126/science.abf4063 science. org/doi/full/10.1126/science.abf4063 https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.abf4063

95% of participants tested retained immune memory at about 6 months after having COVID-19 More than 90% of participants had CD4+ T-cell memory at 1 month, and 6–8 months after having COVID-19

Wang et al (2021) Science, Ultrapotent antibodies against diverse and highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants DOI: 10.1126/science.abh1766 science. org/doi/full/10.1126/science.abh1766 https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.abh1766

Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, with an ancestral variant produce antibodies that cross-neutralise emerging variants of concern with high potency Epidemiological studies Hansen et al (2021) Lancet, Assessment of protection against reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 among 4 million PCR-tested individuals in Denmark in 2020: a population-level observational study DOI: 10.1016/ S0140-6736(21)00575-4 thelancet. com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(21)00575-4.pdf https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(21)00575-4.pdf

People who had had COVID-19 previously were around 80·5% protected against reinfection Pilz et al (2021) European Journal of Clinical Investigation, SARS-CoV-2 re-infection risk in Austria DOI: 10.1111/eci.13520 onlinelibrary.wiley. com/doi/full/10.1111/eci.13520 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/eci.13520

Sheehan et al (2021) Clinical Infectious Diseases, Reinfection rates among patients who previously tested positive for COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab234 academic.oup. com/cid/article/73/10/1882/6170939?login=false https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/73/10/1882/6170939?login=false

Shrestha et al (2021) Preprint, Necessity of COVID-19 vaccination in previously infected individuals DOI: 10.1101/2021.06.01.21258176 medrxiv. org/content/10.1101/2021.06.01.21258176v3 https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.06.01.21258176v3

Retrospective cohort study in the USA, People who had had COVID-19 previously were 100% protected against reinfection Gazit et al (2021) Preprint, Comparing SARS-CoV-2 natural immunity to vaccine-induced immunity: reinfections versus breakthrough infections DOI: 10.1101/2021.08.24.21262415 medrxiv. org/content/10.1101/2021.08.24.21262415v1 https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.24.21262415v1

Kojima et al (2021) Preprint, Incidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection among previously infected or vaccinated employees DOI: 10.1101/2021.07.03.21259976 medrxiv. org/content/10.1101/2021.07.03.21259976v2 https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.07.03.21259976v2

Laboratory staff routinely screened for SARS-CoV-2, people who had had COVID-19 previously were 100% protected against reinfection Clinical studies DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00675-9 thelancet. com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(21)00675-9.pdf https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(21)00675-9.pdf

Large, multicentre, prospective cohort study Previous COVID-19 diagnosis, 84% decreased risk of infection Letizia et al (2021) Lancet, Respiratory Medicine, SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and subsequent infection risk in healthy young adults: a prospective cohort study DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00158-2 thelancet. com/pdfs/journals/lanres/PIIS2213-2600(21)00158-2.pdf https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lanres/PIIS2213-2600(21)00158-2.pdf

Prospective cohort of US Marines, seropositive young adults were 82% protected against reinfection Adnan et al (2021) Clinical Infectious Diseases, Reinfection With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Patients Undergoing Serial Laboratory Testing DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab345 academic.oup. com/cid/article/74/2/294/6251701?login=false https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/74/2/294/6251701?login=false

N = 9,119, serial tests Reinfection rates, 0.7% So Risk of repeat SARS-CoV-2 infection decreased by 80·5–100% among those who had had COVID-19 Protection from reinfection is strong and persists for more than 10 months of follow-up, (Hansen et al 2021 Lancet) Turner, et al Nature, SARS-CoV-2 infection induces long-lived bone marrow plasma cells in humans DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03647-4 nature. com/articles/s41586-021-03647-4?amp%3Bcode=7bafb609-23c2-4665-804b https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03647-4?amp%3Bcode=7bafb609-23c2-4665-804b

Madhuumita et al, Plos One, T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans: A systematic review DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245532 journals.plos. org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0245532 https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0245532

SARS-CoV-2 infection induces specific and durable T-cell immunity, Nina et al, (2020) Nature, SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2550-z nature. com/articles/s41586-020-2550-z?flip=true https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2550-z?flip=true

Memory B-cell response to SARS-CoV-2 evolves between 1·3 and 6·2 months after infection, which is consistent with longer-term protection Some people who have recovered from COVID-19 might not benefit from COVID-19 vaccination DOI: 10.1101/2021.04.20.21255670 medrxiv. org/content/10.1101/2021.04.20.21255670v1 https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.04.20.21255670v1

One study found that previous COVID-19 was associated with increased adverse events following vaccination with Pfizer DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.05.035 journalofinfection. com/article/S0163-4453(21)00277-2/fulltext https://www.journalofinfection.com/article/S0163-4453(21)00277-2/fulltext

In Switzerland, proof of recovered infection, in the past 12 months are considered equally protected as fully vaccinated, schengenvisainfo. com/news/switzerland-plans-to-extend-covid-certificate-requirement-until-mid-november/ https://www.schengenvisainfo.com/news/switzerland-plans-to-extend-covid-certificate-requirement-until-mid-november/